Study the comprising between TIG and MIG process and their effect on the mechanical properties and microstructure of the welding joints for low carbon steel

Abstract

TIG welding produces superior quality, cleaner and stronger joints in thin low-carbon steel due to precise heat control, while MIG welding offers higher productivity and deeper penetration, making it ideal for thicker sections. TIG typically results in finer microstructures (acicular ferrite) compared to the coarser grains often found in MIG. A review of the literature indicates that both welding techniques—whether used individually or in combination—achieve full weld penetration, and that the heat-affected zone in TIG-MIG welding is wider than in standalone TIG or MIG welding. TIG-MIG joints typically exhibit ductile fracture behavior compared to joints produced by standalone MIG or TIG welding. Nevertheless, they demonstrate favorable properties, such as tensile strength, when compared to the individual TIG and MIG processes. Furthermore, a comparison between TIG-MIG techniques and conventional MIG welding reveals a more refined joint appearance, as evidenced by the various microstructures of the joints.